There are a number of discussions about this but I can’t find a good description of how exactly to do it.
It’s reasonably straightforward to configure systemd to run two user instances of syncthing, I think I can understand how to do that.
However which port numbers in the config.xml file do I have to change from default for the second instance? Obviously the GUI port, 8384, needs changing, but what does one have to do to the listening port(s) if anything?
Generally nothing, unless you also have things like manual port forwards to set up. If instance one is running when instance two gets configured it’ll automatically pick non-conflicting ports.