I’ve been syncing Chromium profiles for years now. I’d say the key is to work out what actually needs syncing and what can be safely ignored. There are a lot of log and cache files inside the profile folders, which are completely unnecessary to sync, and doing so will only slow down the overall synchronisation. You also do need to make sure that everything has finished syncing before opening the browser on another device.
For example, these are some of my ignore patterns related specifically to Chromium:
!(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/{first run,local state}
!(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/{default,profile *}/{favicons,preferences,sessions}
!(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/default/{bookmarks,extensions,indexeddb/chrome-extension_*,local extension settings,local storage,managed extension settings,secure preferences,sync extension settings,web data}
(?d)(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/default/indexeddb/
!(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/default/indexeddb
(?d)(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/{default,profile *}/
!(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/{default,profile *}
(?d)(?i)<path-to-chromium-data>/